diff --git a/src/target_observation_processing.cpp b/src/target_observation_processing.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a17c82f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/target_observation_processing.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+#include "target_observation_processing.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <limits>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+#include <Eigen/Core>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
+
+namespace odin_ros_driver {
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr std::array<int, 2> kHipKeypointIndices = {11, 12};
+
+float median_in_place(std::vector<float>& values)
+{
+    if (values.empty()) {
+        return -1.0f;
+    }
+    const auto mid = values.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(values.size() / 2);
+    std::nth_element(values.begin(), mid, values.end());
+    return *mid;
+}
+
+std::string format_target_text(const TargetObservation& observation)
+{
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    oss.setf(std::ios::fixed);
+    oss.precision(2);
+    oss << "ID:" << observation.track_id
+        << " conf:" << observation.confidence
+        << " depth:" << observation.depth << "m";
+    return oss.str();
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+void TargetObservationProcessor::initialize(const TargetObservationConfig& config)
+{
+    config_ = config;
+    if (config_.yolo_engine_path.empty()) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Target observation YOLO engine path is empty");
+    }
+    if (!config_.yolo_labels_path.empty() &&
+        !std::filesystem::exists(config_.yolo_labels_path)) {
+        config_.yolo_labels_path.clear();
+    }
+
+    yolo_ = std::make_unique<yolos::pose::YOLOPoseDetector>(
+        config_.yolo_engine_path,
+        config_.yolo_labels_path);
+    tracker_ = std::make_unique<motcpp::trackers::ByteTrack>(
+        0.3f, 30, 50, 3, 0.3f, false, 1);
+    current_target_id_ = -1;
+    initialized_ = true;
+}
+
+TargetObservation TargetObservationProcessor::process(
+    const cv::Mat& camera_bgr,
+    const pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>& cloud_in_cam,
+    const CloudReprojector& reprojector,
+    const CloudReprojector::OdomPose& odom_pose,
+    TargetObservationDebugInfo* debug_info)
+{
+    const auto total_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    TargetObservation empty;
+    if (debug_info) {
+        *debug_info = TargetObservationDebugInfo{};
+        debug_info->current_target_id_before = current_target_id_;
+    }
+    if (!initialized_ || camera_bgr.empty()) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->total_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - total_start).count();
+        }
+        return empty;
+    }
+
+    const auto yolo_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    const auto poses = yolo_->detect(camera_bgr, config_.yolo_conf, config_.yolo_nms);
+    const auto yolo_end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->poses_count = static_cast<int>(poses.size());
+        debug_info->yolo_ms =
+            std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(yolo_end - yolo_start).count();
+    }
+    if (poses.empty()) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->total_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - total_start).count();
+        }
+        return empty;
+    }
+
+    const Eigen::MatrixXf detections = format_detections(poses);
+    const auto mot_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    const Eigen::MatrixXf tracks = tracker_->update(detections, camera_bgr);
+    const auto mot_end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->tracks_count = tracks.rows();
+        debug_info->mot_ms =
+            std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(mot_end - mot_start).count();
+    }
+    if (tracks.rows() == 0) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->total_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - total_start).count();
+        }
+        return empty;
+    }
+
+    TargetObservation target = select_target(
+        poses, tracks, camera_bgr.cols, camera_bgr.rows, debug_info);
+    if (!target.valid) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->total_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - total_start).count();
+        }
+        return empty;
+    }
+
+    target = enrich_target_with_cloud(
+        target, poses, cloud_in_cam, reprojector, odom_pose, debug_info);
+    if (!target.valid) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->total_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - total_start).count();
+        }
+        return empty;
+    }
+
+    current_target_id_ = target.track_id;
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->total_ms =
+            std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - total_start).count();
+    }
+    return target;
+}
+
+Eigen::MatrixXf TargetObservationProcessor::format_detections(
+    const std::vector<yolos::pose::PoseResult>& poses) const
+{
+    Eigen::MatrixXf dets(poses.size(), 6);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < poses.size(); ++i) {
+        dets(static_cast<Eigen::Index>(i), 0) = poses[i].box.x;
+        dets(static_cast<Eigen::Index>(i), 1) = poses[i].box.y;
+        dets(static_cast<Eigen::Index>(i), 2) = poses[i].box.x + poses[i].box.width;
+        dets(static_cast<Eigen::Index>(i), 3) = poses[i].box.y + poses[i].box.height;
+        dets(static_cast<Eigen::Index>(i), 4) = poses[i].conf;
+        dets(static_cast<Eigen::Index>(i), 5) = poses[i].classId;
+    }
+    return dets;
+}
+
+TargetObservation TargetObservationProcessor::select_target(
+    const std::vector<yolos::pose::PoseResult>& poses,
+    const Eigen::MatrixXf& tracks,
+    int image_width,
+    int image_height,
+    TargetObservationDebugInfo* debug_info)
+{
+    TargetObservation observation;
+    int best_row = -1;
+    bool found_existing = false;
+    const float img_cx = static_cast<float>(image_width) * 0.5f;
+    const float img_cy = static_cast<float>(image_height) * 0.5f;
+    float best_dist = std::numeric_limits<float>::max();
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < tracks.rows(); ++i) {
+        const int track_id = static_cast<int>(tracks(i, 4));
+        if (track_id == current_target_id_) {
+            best_row = i;
+            found_existing = true;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        const float cx = 0.5f * (tracks(i, 0) + tracks(i, 2));
+        const float cy = 0.5f * (tracks(i, 1) + tracks(i, 3));
+        const float dist = (cx - img_cx) * (cx - img_cx) + (cy - img_cy) * (cy - img_cy);
+        if (dist < best_dist) {
+            best_dist = dist;
+            best_row = i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (best_row < 0) {
+        return observation;
+    }
+
+    const int detection_index = static_cast<int>(tracks(best_row, 7));
+    if (detection_index < 0 ||
+        detection_index >= static_cast<int>(poses.size())) {
+        return observation;
+    }
+
+    const auto& pose = poses[static_cast<size_t>(detection_index)];
+    observation.valid = true;
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->found_existing_target = found_existing;
+        debug_info->target_selected = true;
+    }
+    observation.track_id = static_cast<int>(tracks(best_row, 4));
+    observation.detection_index = detection_index;
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->selected_track_id = observation.track_id;
+        debug_info->detection_index = detection_index;
+    }
+    observation.confidence = pose.conf;
+    observation.bbox_xyxy = {
+        static_cast<float>(pose.box.x),
+        static_cast<float>(pose.box.y),
+        static_cast<float>(pose.box.x + pose.box.width),
+        static_cast<float>(pose.box.y + pose.box.height),
+    };
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < std::min<size_t>(pose.keypoints.size(), 17); ++i) {
+        observation.keypoints_xyc[i * 3 + 0] = pose.keypoints[i].x;
+        observation.keypoints_xyc[i * 3 + 1] = pose.keypoints[i].y;
+        observation.keypoints_xyc[i * 3 + 2] = pose.keypoints[i].confidence;
+    }
+
+    if (!found_existing) {
+        current_target_id_ = observation.track_id;
+    }
+    return observation;
+}
+
+TargetObservation TargetObservationProcessor::enrich_target_with_cloud(
+    const TargetObservation& target,
+    const std::vector<yolos::pose::PoseResult>& poses,
+    const pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>& cloud_in_cam,
+    const CloudReprojector& reprojector,
+    const CloudReprojector::OdomPose& odom_pose,
+    TargetObservationDebugInfo* debug_info) const
+{
+    const auto depth_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    if (!target.valid ||
+        target.detection_index < 0 ||
+        target.detection_index >= static_cast<int>(poses.size()) ||
+        cloud_in_cam.empty()) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->depth_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - depth_start).count();
+        }
+        return TargetObservation{};
+    }
+
+    const auto& cam_params = reprojector.getCameraParams();
+    const auto& pose = poses[static_cast<size_t>(target.detection_index)];
+
+    std::vector<cv::Point2f> uv_points;
+    std::vector<Eigen::Vector3f> cam_points;
+    uv_points.reserve(cloud_in_cam.size());
+    cam_points.reserve(cloud_in_cam.size());
+
+    for (const auto& pt : cloud_in_cam) {
+        if (pt.z <= config_.min_depth || pt.z >= config_.max_depth) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const Eigen::Vector2d uv = reprojector.projectCameraPointToPixel(
+            Eigen::Vector3d(pt.x, pt.y, pt.z));
+        if (uv.x() < 0.0 || uv.x() >= cam_params.image_width ||
+            uv.y() < 0.0 || uv.y() >= cam_params.image_height) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        uv_points.emplace_back(
+            static_cast<float>(uv.x()),
+            static_cast<float>(uv.y()));
+        cam_points.emplace_back(pt.x, pt.y, pt.z);
+    }
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->projected_cloud_points = static_cast<int>(cam_points.size());
+    }
+
+    if (uv_points.empty()) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->depth_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - depth_start).count();
+        }
+        return TargetObservation{};
+    }
+
+    std::vector<float> per_keypoint_depths;
+    per_keypoint_depths.reserve(kHipKeypointIndices.size());
+
+    for (const int kp_index : kHipKeypointIndices) {
+        if (kp_index >= static_cast<int>(pose.keypoints.size())) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        const auto& kp = pose.keypoints[static_cast<size_t>(kp_index)];
+        if (kp.confidence < 0.5f) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<float> nearby_depths;
+        nearby_depths.reserve(32);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < uv_points.size(); ++i) {
+            const float du = uv_points[i].x - kp.x;
+            const float dv = uv_points[i].y - kp.y;
+            if (std::hypot(du, dv) < config_.search_radius_px) {
+                nearby_depths.push_back(cam_points[i].z());
+            }
+        }
+        if (nearby_depths.size() < 3) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        per_keypoint_depths.push_back(median_in_place(nearby_depths));
+    }
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->depth_sample_count = static_cast<int>(per_keypoint_depths.size());
+    }
+
+    if (per_keypoint_depths.empty()) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->depth_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - depth_start).count();
+        }
+        return TargetObservation{};
+    }
+
+    if (per_keypoint_depths.size() >= 3) {
+        std::vector<float> deviations = per_keypoint_depths;
+        const float median_depth = median_in_place(deviations);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < deviations.size(); ++i) {
+            deviations[i] = std::abs(deviations[i] - median_depth);
+        }
+        const float mad = median_in_place(deviations);
+        if (mad > 1e-3f) {
+            const float threshold = 2.5f * mad / 0.6745f;
+            std::vector<float> inliers;
+            inliers.reserve(per_keypoint_depths.size());
+            for (const float depth : per_keypoint_depths) {
+                if (std::abs(depth - median_depth) < threshold) {
+                    inliers.push_back(depth);
+                }
+            }
+            if (!inliers.empty()) {
+                per_keypoint_depths.swap(inliers);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    TargetObservation enriched = target;
+    std::vector<float> final_depths = per_keypoint_depths;
+    enriched.depth = median_in_place(final_depths);
+    enriched.depth_confidence = std::min(
+        1.0f,
+        static_cast<float>(per_keypoint_depths.size()) /
+            static_cast<float>(kHipKeypointIndices.size()));
+
+    std::vector<Eigen::Vector2f> valid_hip_pixels;
+    valid_hip_pixels.reserve(kHipKeypointIndices.size());
+    for (const int kp_index : kHipKeypointIndices) {
+        if (kp_index >= static_cast<int>(pose.keypoints.size())) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        const auto& kp = pose.keypoints[static_cast<size_t>(kp_index)];
+        if (kp.confidence >= 0.5f) {
+            valid_hip_pixels.emplace_back(kp.x, kp.y);
+        }
+    }
+    if (valid_hip_pixels.empty()) {
+        const float center_u = 0.5f * (target.bbox_xyxy[0] + target.bbox_xyxy[2]);
+        const float center_v = 0.5f * (target.bbox_xyxy[1] + target.bbox_xyxy[3]);
+        enriched.target_pos_cam = reprojector.pixelToCameraPoint(
+            center_u, center_v, enriched.depth).cast<float>();
+    } else {
+        Eigen::Vector2f mean_pixel = Eigen::Vector2f::Zero();
+        for (const auto& pixel : valid_hip_pixels) {
+            mean_pixel += pixel;
+        }
+        mean_pixel /= static_cast<float>(valid_hip_pixels.size());
+        enriched.target_pos_cam = reprojector.pixelToCameraPoint(
+            mean_pixel.x(), mean_pixel.y(), enriched.depth).cast<float>();
+    }
+
+    if (enriched.target_pos_cam.z() <= 0.0f) {
+        if (debug_info) {
+            debug_info->depth_ms =
+                std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - depth_start).count();
+        }
+        return TargetObservation{};
+    }
+
+    enriched.target_pos_world = reprojector.cameraPointToWorld(
+        enriched.target_pos_cam.cast<double>(), odom_pose).cast<float>();
+    enriched.valid = true;
+    if (debug_info) {
+        debug_info->depth_ms =
+            std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - depth_start).count();
+    }
+    return enriched;
+}
+
+void draw_target_observation_overlay(
+    cv::Mat& image_bgr,
+    const TargetObservation& observation)
+{
+    if (image_bgr.empty() || !observation.valid) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const cv::Scalar box_color(80, 220, 255);
+    const int x1 = static_cast<int>(std::lround(observation.bbox_xyxy[0]));
+    const int y1 = static_cast<int>(std::lround(observation.bbox_xyxy[1]));
+    const int x2 = static_cast<int>(std::lround(observation.bbox_xyxy[2]));
+    const int y2 = static_cast<int>(std::lround(observation.bbox_xyxy[3]));
+    cv::rectangle(image_bgr, cv::Point(x1, y1), cv::Point(x2, y2), box_color, 2);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 17; ++i) {
+        const float conf = observation.keypoints_xyc[i * 3 + 2];
+        if (conf <= 0.3f) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        const int u = static_cast<int>(std::lround(observation.keypoints_xyc[i * 3 + 0]));
+        const int v = static_cast<int>(std::lround(observation.keypoints_xyc[i * 3 + 1]));
+        cv::circle(image_bgr, cv::Point(u, v), 4, cv::Scalar(0, 255, 0), -1);
+    }
+
+    const std::string label = format_target_text(observation);
+    cv::putText(
+        image_bgr,
+        label,
+        cv::Point(x1, std::max(20, y1 - 8)),
+        cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
+        0.55,
+        cv::Scalar(0, 0, 0),
+        3);
+    cv::putText(
+        image_bgr,
+        label,
+        cv::Point(x1, std::max(20, y1 - 8)),
+        cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
+        0.55,
+        cv::Scalar(255, 255, 255),
+        1);
+}
+
+}  // namespace odin_ros_driver